Wednesday, August 31, 2011

FREE ways to Make Money Online ? Internet Marketing Secrets ...


FREE ways to Make Money Online ? Internet Marketing Secrets Experts Use Finally Revealed

Internet marketing experts will readily tell you the free ways to make money online ?well, almost but not all of these secrets.? There are secrets that they choose to keep for themselves.? But these secrets are finally revealed to show you how you, too, can make it big from your internet business opportunity.

Start with Affiliate Marketing

You might have already known the secret to the best way to start earning money online and that is to work hard as an affiliate marketer.? This is the business opportunity where you can make a sale and earn money without actually selling.

Affiliate marketing empowers you to earn money by building up the interests and need of internet users for the products or services of your affiliate to help sell online.? For every referral that converts into sales, you earn your money online.

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The free ways to Make Money Online ? Experts Keep

While you can make fast money from affiliate marketing or easily establish your own internet business through it, you do not have to depend on this business opportunity for life.? You can make more money with lesser effort when you create your own product to sell online.

This is what the internet marketing experts are keeping from you.

You see, you can be just like these internet marketing experts who have their own products to sell online and make bigger money as well as residual money online.? These are digital products like eBooks given the fact that internet users seek primarily for information online.

Creating your own digital product and selling it online requires that you spend the time and effort plus some money to study your target market, find what it is they crave for, and come up with your own creative product to satisfy your target market?s cravings.

This may need hard work on your part but with all the resources and tools you can get from the internet, you can come up with your own products conveniently.? Use all the experience you have gained as an affiliate marketer and you can expediently market your own digital products to earn more money.

Now you know the free ways to make money online. You can become an internet marketing expert yourselves.

Are you still looking for more information regarding FREE ways make money online? Visit http://www.secretsof-internetbusiness.com

Source: http://eportalsite.com/free-ways-to-make-money-online-internet-marketing-secrets-experts-use-finally-revealed/

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Blizzard Skis: Enjoy The Best Skiing Experience Of The Globe

When you compare the thrill of different adventure sports of the world, then experience of skiing can never be depreciated. In fact, ski is found to be one of the best sports in the world as far as its popularity is concerned. When it is the equipment of skiing is concerned, then these ski products are made with proper perfection and they are sometimes very expensive. You can find different ski equipment packages for men, women and children. These packages contain different things starting from poles and boots to helmets and gloves. This kind of package is found to be available in the market for both beginners and advanced skiers. When people take up skiing as their career, then initially they should go for beginners skis, and then gradually move for the advanced skis. You can get variety in beginners and advanced level ski equipment packages.

You can get this kind of packages online and also get all these brands packages from the online store. Few name of companies for the best ski equipment are K2 skis, blizzard skis etc. Price range in this kind of online package can fluctuate in different levels, depending upon the version and quality of the package. You can also get special value packages from different websites. In that case, you just need to go online and find the suitable package for you. When ski equipment manufacturers cannot sell the products on time, then they go for stock clearing sale where they give away various ski equipment at discounted price. But before purchasing skis at discounted price, you should be aware of all the terms and conditions set by the ski manufacturers in order to avoid any kind of dispute later on.

When it is the matter of Blizzard skis, then this brand name is famous to the customers for its quality of the products and loyalty of the manufacturers. These skis are found to be manufactured with the newest technology. One can always purchase these skis from any online store and can get the better deal for the packages. But when you are buying ski equipment from the market, it would be very much daunting task for you. Because you need to thoroughly know many details about those skis like, slide, control and grip. At the same time, skiers need to know about their own comfort and style. And, this way, they can choose the perfect skis and different packages for ski equipment for the best skiing experience.

Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Blizzard-Skis--Enjoy-The-Best-Skiing-Experience-Of-The-Globe/2912049

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wht does it mean when ur pet dog/cat brings you a dead bird in its ...

The only thing that I find weird is that you allow your animals to roam. I?m curious what happened to the last three animals.

Pet owners are responsible for their pets ? for everything that happens to them, and everything that they do.

Cats are not native to this environment. What they do in a non-native environment is not "natural". In Australia many native species are facing extinction due to feral and loose domestic housecats. The impact of their destruction is massive ? yet cat owners continue to ignore it, despite clear warnings.

http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9703/14/aussie.cats/
http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/publications/cat/
http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/ferals/

If you think that having your animal bring home dead wildlife is "cute", you need to educate yourself. Cats are an invasive species which must be controlled. There is only one way. Domestic cats must be kept indoors, or enclosed/supervised while outside. 99.9% should be spayed or neutered. One unaltered female and her offspring can create 420,000 cats in only 7 years.

People who allow their cats to roam don?t care about the environment. And, they don?t care about their neighbors, who have to deal with cats using their gardens and childrens? sandboxes as a litter pan. Neighbors don?t appreciate your cats stalking the birds that they feed.

People who allow pets to roam, don?t care about their animals, either. Being outdoors is dangerous for cats. They are struck by vehicles, attacked by animals or humans, poisoned, trapped, lost, stolen, and exposed to parasites and incurable disease.

People who let their animals roam are imo, selfish and lazy. Absolutely no consideration for the animals, their neighbors, or the environment.

If you want a pet, you should be responsible for it, in every aspect.

Source: http://www.pethot.com/pet-supplies-pet-care/wht-does-it-mean-when-ur-pet-dogcat-brings-you-a-dead-bird-in-its-mouth/

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Tuesday, August 30, 2011

"Today" executive joins NBC's 2012 Olympics team (Reuters)

NEW YORK (TheWrap.com) ? "Today" executive producer Jim Bell will also executive producer for NBCUniversal's coverage of the 2012 London Olympics, NBC Sports Group announced.

Bell, who will continue to oversee "Today," will have editorial oversight over Olympics coverage. He worked for NBC Sports and Olympics for 16 years before joining "Today" in 2005.

"Jim's unique background in both sports and news at NBCUniversal makes him the perfect choice to lead our London Olympics production," said Mark Lazarus, chairman of NBC Sports Group.

Bell's NBC Sports & Olympics career began in 1990 when he worked on the profiles for the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games. In 2004 he served as coordinating producer for NBC Olympics, overseeing nearly 100 hours of afternoon and late night coverage during the 2004 Athens Olympics.

He won Emmys for his work on the 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2002 Olympics, and a Peabody for NBC's coverage of the 2008 Beijing Olympics Opening Ceremony. During his time at "Today," it has led in the ratings and earned five Emmys, seven Edward R. Murrow Awards and nine Headliner Awards.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/enindustry/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110830/media_nm/us_olympics

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Motorola V360 Review | Articlezs - Dofollow Article Directory

The Motorola V360 is the upgraded version of the Motola V330. Fans of the V330 will enjoy the new features. Those consumers who did not much like the V330 may wish to give the V360 a look. A music player and a memory card slot and some other features have been added. The design has been slimmed down to measure (90 x 47 x 24 mm) and weighs 111 grams. Bluetooth and EDGE have been added to improve wireless communication between electronic devices.

The Motorola V360 is a class 10 phone (Modes GSM 850 / GSM 1800 / GSM 1900 GSM 900 instead of 850 on Europe/Asia version). The V360 comes standard with personal computer sync. The Bluetooth and EDGE features have been added to provide effortless and dependable wireless global communication (Bluetooth- Supported Profiles: HSP, HFP, DUN, OPP, FTP, BIP, BPP version 1.2). An internal USB port enables the cell phone user to connect the V360 to a personal computer or Mac. The M360 comes standard with 5 mb of internal memory. This phone is capable of 30 call recall (10 received, 10 missed, 10 dialed). A memory card slot comes standard for Transflash for expandable memory.

The Motorola V360 features a slimmed down, clam shell design with an internal antennae. Made of brushed silver metal this phone is not the most fashionable of cell phones. Its lack of fashion is more than made up for by the many outstanding features. As with all Motorola phones; this cell phone is sturdy and stands up well against use and abuse. The keypad is designed for easy use by the operator. The middle row of keys is slightly raised to aid in dialing. Some keys are dedicated to shortcuts for the most used functions. The cell phone user can also create their own short cuts.

The flip design phone opens to a large and vibrant LCD display with an incredible 262,144 colors and measuring 176 x 220 pixels. A secondary external grayscale LCD display measures 96?80 pixels. While the secondary screen is not as large or colorful as the internal display; this secondary display provides a load of valuable information such as caller id and cell battery life.

The Motorola V360 uses a standard cell phone battery (Li Lon 810 mAh(V360)/larger battery on V361). Battery life is superb with an incredible 7.50 hours of talk time and 240 h ours of stand by time. Long talkers will appreciate the fantastic battery life.

The V360 comes standard with a music player and a 24 chord polyphonic ring tones. The cell phone user who wants to add ring tones to suit their personal taste may do so by downloading the wide variety of optional ones. A nice variety of wallpapers and screen savers come standard and the cell phone user may download additional ones.

The camera and video features are outstanding. The camera (resolution: VGA (640 x 480) takes excellent, professional looking pictures. The video feature will take up to 30 seconds of video which can be emailed to others.

The V360 user has many text options to choose from including email, instant messaging, picture messaging, templates, and iTap predictive text.

The V360 comes out of the box with instructions, data disk, USB data cord, and a battery charger. Everything that the new cell phone owner needs to operate their new cell phone is included.

Many time saving and organizational features are included. Hands free and speakerphone help the cell phone operator to multitask. A caculator, time functions, and voice memo are useful tools. A wake up alarm is helpful to the business or pleasure traveler. Push to talk; language selection and voice memo are nice additions. The calendar and to do list helps the busy cell phone owner stay on task. The address book is a must have. This book is capable of 1000 entries with each entry holding a name, address, 6 phone numbers, and email.

A variety of useful accessories are available. Battery chargers are available to recharge the cell phone battery. Automobile converters enable the cell phone to run off a car battery. Head phones assist in hands free factions. Leather cases protect the cell phone from damage due to accidents and abuse. Cool sleeves and skins are popular with the young male crowd. Young women enjoy crystal dangles, stickers, and jewels. Fashionable cases and purses are available in animal skin prints and trendy colors such as hot pink.

The Motorola V360 is a superb phone with many high tech and trendy features. This update to the V330 definitely has something for everyone. Business professionals will appreciate Bluetooth and EDGE technology. Calendar, calculator and a to do list help keep all cell phone users organized. The long talkers will love the 7.50 hours of talk time. Young teens enjoy the games, music player and fashion features. The V360 has much to offer at a very affordable price.

Using the Blackberry Storm for some users can be a very difficult. Blackberry is a smartphone which means it has lot more options and applications then usual mobile phones.

Source: http://articlezs.com/2011/08/motorola-v360-review/

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Monday, August 29, 2011

Tips To Find Cheap Air Tickets to India - Travel and Leisure ...

Planning for an Asian holiday? Well, there are many airlines in America which offer cheap flights to Asia. You will get cheap airfares to many popular Asian destinations like cheap airfare to Philippines, Japan, Thailand, Bangkok, China or India. Among these India is the most coveted tourist spot among the travelers because of its varied culture, tradition, beautiful landscapes and historical importance. The article discusses how to find cheap air tickets to India.

The experts always suggest booking your ticket early when you are looking for a cheap airfare. Try to plan the India tour minimum 3 months or more in advance. You will get a good opportunity to access cheap fares. It is because you get a lot of time to search for different airlines and book the seat as per your budget. But as the travel date comes closer, your options are reduced gradually and you have to settle for whatever you get, no matter how costly it is.

Again, India is renowned for its varied cultural festivals. The festive season here starts from July-August and go up to October. They have their most celebrated strings of festivals this time like Rakhi, Dussera and Diwali. Naturally the air tickets have a high demand during the festive season especially among the NRIs. And as a result high demand leads to rise in the ticket rates. Hence, book your flights in the off season to gain cheaper rates.

Then, in some cases the airlines offer very cheap deals in the last minute, say 1-2 days before the journey. It is especially during the off season when most of the seats are going vacant. At this point of time the airlines would sell its unsold air tickets at a much rebated price. So, if you are not too busy and has the flexibility to start off without extensive preparation, you might check these last minute tour deals.

Lastly, do not rely on the single airline booking agent. They are always looking for high commissions and you would hardly find access to cheap airfare from them. You need to search through variety of options to get the ideal one as per your convenience through effective comparison. Try to go for online air ticket booking services. It saves a lot of time and fuel expenses and within a few hours you are enabled to browse through a variety of websites and arrive at the ideal one through comparison. Moreover, they often come up with great discount schemes.

Source: http://authorarticle.com/travel-and-leisure/tips-to-find-cheap-air-tickets-to-india/

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Soon You Might Need a Stay in These Escape Pod Hotels [Design]

These former oil rig rafts now, somehow, serve as hotel rooms for the nautically inclined. Owned by one Denis Oudendijk, these little escape pods float in a canal near the Hague and can support up to three people. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/fSE_iC0iJ1M/soon-you-might-need-a-stay-in-these-escape-pod-hotels

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Sofia Coppola and Thomas Mars: Married!


Sofia Coppola and Thomas Mars are officially husband and wife!

The director and the lead singer of Phoenix wed in a civil ceremony in at the former's family villa in Bernalda, Italy today. About 80 people attended the event, including, of course, Francis Ford Coppola. He walked his daughter down the aisle.

Sofia Coppola and Thomas Mars

Coppola - who won an Oscar for her Lost in Translation screenplay in 2004 - got engaged to Mars in May. They have two daughters together: Romy, 4½, and Cosima, 15 months.

"Everything went well," Bernalda's mayor, Leonardo Chiruzzi, told The Associated Press of the event. "It was simple, calm, in the garden."

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2011/08/sofia-coppola-and-thomas-mars-married/

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Video: Telecom Companies Prepare for Storm

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Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/44294165#44294165

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Sunday, August 28, 2011

Purchasing Home Based Business Leads

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Home based business leads are the lifeblood of any network marketer?s business. So that you can create an powerful downline, you?ll need to know specifically who?s interested in building a home based business.

You need to be able to contact men and women who are going to be interested, present them along with your business model, and convince them that yours may be the ideal home based business to obtain into with the ideal goods or services, but just before you can convince anyone of anything, you need to have a person to convince.

Home Based Business Leads-Features

* Already interested in building a home based business * Information about how much money they?re willing to invest * Information about how much time they?re willing to invest * Contact information and facts

The most beneficial home based business leads will offer all the above points. You may know that they are considering constructing a home based business simply because they have already expressed an interest by obtaining on the list. A superb leads list will provide you with additional details, like just how much income and time they can invest in a business.

This is important for you to establish if your business model is really a good fit for that individual. Finally, the lead will contain contact info, at minimum a phone number and email address, but preferably an addresss as well.

Home Based Business Leads-Benefits

* No wasting time tracking down people interested in a home based business * People have already opted into the list, meaning you could contact them by e-mail * Import into get in touch with management systems or autoresponders

When you get home based business leads, you save useful time in tracking down folks to pitch your business to. You also know that these individuals have already expressed permission to be contacted with home based business tips, and thus you can e-mail them freely without breaking anti-spam laws. Finally, these leads, when formatted properly, is often directly imported into your get in touch with management method or autoresponder so that you may quickly track your contact with them and send them timely, informative emails about your business chance.

Home Based Business Leads-What Users Like

* Easily imported to autoresponders and contact management systems * Contacts have already opted in to obtain information and facts * Information provided using the leads gives crucial background which you can use for selling points

Home Based Business Leads-What Users Hate

* Some home based business leads are not exclusive, so your get in touch with is being contacted by a lot of unique persons with distinctive business opportunities * Some of the leads may be false leads, with men and women registering to get information since they feel they are going to get some thing for free by performing so * Some leads are from about the nation, and may well not be valuable depending on the locations your business chance is valid in

Recommendation

It can be critical to have folks to contact and approach with your business chance. This will be the only way you may construct a successful downline and work toward building residual income. Having said that, you don?t want to spam persons or get in touch with persons randomly, as this can give your business a bad reputation and often gets you nowhere in reaching your objectives. Home based business leads solve all of these troubles, and give you the groundwork you?ll need to construct a prosperous network marketing business.

Get more information with a Home Based Business Leads report and learn how to build any mlm business fast. Get all the facts you need to know with Home Based Business Leads now.

Source: http://canarymagazine.net/internet/online-marketing-internet/purchasing-home-based-business-leads/

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Transformers Dark of the Moon (2011) ENG DVDRip 1 Link NO RAR

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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/lern2play/~3/oLuVOKhE_e4/83512-transformers-dark-of-the-moon-2011-eng-dvdrip-1-link-no-rar.html

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Internet Web site Design and Selecting the Proper Web Style Business

It can be been many a long time considering that you had someone design your company net website and now it is outdated. You are dropping enterprise to rivals that have good quality created world wide web web sites with fantastic layout and navigation. This could be your initial firm net web site and you want to make the most of your cash and time.

How do you choose a high quality internet design and style organization that will realize your companies goal for designing or redesigning this internet internet site?

Very first, you want to response a few inquiries.

1.What is your spending budget and time frame for completing the internet layout or redesign task?

2.Are you heading to be making use of unique content and images for developing this net web site?

3.If this is a web site redesign, are you organizing on finding up-to-date images and content for this new appear and layout or will you need to have the net style business to supply them for you?

4.Does any a single at your organization have standard editing skills and will they be ready to update the site content material or will this be an ongoing job for the internet design business you employ?

five.Are you looking for a nearby world wide web style business?

6.Do you previously have an thought of your web style colors, layout, and navigation?

Realizing the answers to these queries, will assist you when you identify the proper world wide web design and style firm.

Now it really is time to discover the correct net layout organization for your needs. Go to Google and search for nearby world wide web design firms and you will see how several benefits show. Take ?net layout orlando? for illustration: Benefits eight,860,000. Wow, there are a good deal of benefits for ?world wide web design and style orlando?.

Never panic, you will possibly find a business that can do the high quality web layout function you want in the initial 50 benefits. High quality web layout companies will have a portfolio of perform online that will present an example of their customized world wide web style operate. Commence at the first net design and style result on work your way down.

Analyze the portfolio to see if there is anything equivalent to the web style layout you are imagining. You will be able to notify instantly if this web design firm is appropriate for your business and its seem and experience. Uncover out how prolonged they have been in the web layout sector and evaluate that to how numerous good quality internet internet sites they have created in that time.
If this is a redesign, discover out how numerous internet website redesigns that have completed and inquire to see the web website just before and following the redesign.

Locate out if they have the employees obtainable to operate on your complete world wide web layout wants and that they know the programming needed to full the job in a timely method. Ask for references, a top rated conclude world wide web layout company will be glad to supply up references on the web design operate done. Most web layout references will be glad to discuss to you about the good quality work your potential net style organization did on their web site.

Depending on your net design and style finances, it might help to a number of good quality net design organizations to chat to. You will want to get at minimum three estimates and it never hurts to have a lot more.

Dont forget, when it comes to your organization and your businesses publicity on internet, just take you time locating a quality world wide web layout organization. Your foreseeable future may possibly depend on it.

Source: http://gettingfat.net/46261/internet-web-site-design-and-selecting-the-proper-web-style-business/

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Going Out of Business Sales ? Best Deals

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Source: http://co-opcare.com/going-out-of-business-sales-best-deals

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Saturday, August 27, 2011

How Ladies Manage Anxiety And also Self-Care On Her Behalf ...

[unable to retrieve full-text content]The majority of females know that it is important to place by themselves first prior to other people, but most have a tendency to enter into self-sacrifice method quite often, overlooking their own health. Furthermore, a single ...

Source: http://myhealthandfitnesstoday.org/how-ladies-manage-anxiety-and-also-self-care-on-her-behalf-stressful-program

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Using The Asterisk Phone Systems In Business

Fast, cheap and effective communication is essential for any business. Asterisk phone systems utilize the communicative powers of the internet to combine with a business managed land-line. Companies will generally choose this option because it provides a lower cost alternative while giving them the flexibility to manage their telephone lines as they wish without relying on external telephone companies.

With the introduction of Voice Over internet Protocol, or VoIP for short, people are able to make calls over the internet in the same way as they would by using a regular land-line. By making calls over the net a person is able to take advantage of this cheaper way of calling people no matter where they are in the world. The internet is cheaper because it cuts out the charges levied by a land-line service provider.

Another useful thing for businesses to consider is PBX. PBX is Private Branch Exchange which is a way for companies to own and manage their own telephone system as opposed to having one provided and managed by an external provider. Using PBX will usually give the business greater control over their communication and issues can generally be addressed much faster by using in-house engineers.

In general PBX would normally be connected and run using a regular land-line. However, more recently companies have been recognizing the benefits of combining PBX with VoIP which provides many advantages. The top of the list of those advantages would have to be the cost savings, but it also provides convenience and certain independence.

The asterisk phone systems Vancouver have been designed to help easily combine and integrate PBX with VoIP. It is a good way to ensure that the business does not have to rely on external providers for their communication services. This is an even more important aspect if the business relies heavily on communication services for their daily functions.

Implementing the new system is usually quite straightforward. In most cases it is better to use consultants that are experienced in dealing with this product, but that is not to say that a business cannot use its own people. Using the latter may take a little more time and carries a greater risk but it may be more cost effective.

Internet communication is becoming a lot more reliable than landlines. Much more funding has been put into improving our internet services and ensuring a faster and more reliable connection. This, coupled with the fact that it is much cheaper to make calls to anywhere in the world using the internet, means that it is a good option for businesses to consider. As telephone lines become old there is a greater chance that they will break down more frequently.

Using the asterisk phone systems a company will be able to quickly implement and start using this new way of communicating with other businesses and customers. This leads to bettering two important factors in businesses which are communication and productivity.

A leading communications provider, offers telecommunications solutions including asterisk phone systems Vancouver, PBX Business Center, asterisk phone systems Toronto, and VoIP Consulting.

Source: http://protorit.blogspot.com/2011/08/using-asterisk-phone-systems-in.html

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Home Improvement 3 Most Wanted Moroccan Interior Design ...

When it comes to home d?cor, there is no scarcity for the interior design objects in the modern world. However, when it comes to unique interior design objects, they will be rare to find and obviously will be very costly. Thankfully, there is a group of interior design elements which are very unique and are vey affordably priced. They are nothing but the Moroccan interior design elements. Infact, the Moroccan styled interior design is fast becoming a great trend worldwide. The Moroccan interior design has gained huge popularity since the renovation of the Riad traditional Moroccan house. You can bring the marvels of the Moroccan interior design to your home by wisely choosing the home d?cor elements. Just keep on reading the article to know the 3 Moroccan interior design elements that can reveal the beauty of your home.

According to expert interior designers, home d?cor without unique furniture will be incomplete. The fact can be now changed as home d?cor will be incomplete without the Moroccan furniture. One of the main advantages of using the Moroccan furniture in home d?cor is that they offer great functionality combined with unique looks. The problem associated with most of the modern furniture is that they will have unique style but most of them will have zero usability. This disadvantage is overcome by the use of Moroccan furniture. To the added advantage, these Moroccan furniture gives great value for money. According to real estate experts, the homes decorated with Moroccan furniture will have great face value when compared to the others.

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Lighting is a critical part of home d?cor because proper lighting will greatly increase the beauty of the room. You will be well aware of the fact that ambient soothing lighting will make any home look peaceful and calm. This is where the Moroccan lighting comes into play. You?d have noted that the Moroccan home d?cor will enhance the peacefulness. This is made possible with the help of the lighting effects cast by the Moroccan lighting fixtures.

When it comes to Moroccan home d?cor, the opportunities to decorate the bedrooms are unlimited. You can apply both Moroccan lighting and place some unique Moroccan furniture in your bedroom to make the room look beautiful and unique. To add to the beauty of the bed rooms, you can throw in some Moroccan lamps which are cheap.

If you are looking for unique interior design objects, the Moroccan ones are made for you. Head out to a Moroccan home d?cor store and see the vibrancy by yourself.

Related posts:

  1. Moroccan Home Decor Can Transform Your Home With Quality
  2. The Elements And Principles of Interior Design: Pattern, Light And Space
  3. Introduction to The Elements And Principles of Interior Design And Decoration
  4. Interior Design Kitchen | Interior Design Color
  5. Modern interior design colors | interior design colors

Source: http://aghoo.com/remodeling/3-most-wanted-moroccan-interior-design-elements-for-home-decor.php

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AP-GfK poll: Views on economy, Obama role sour

President Barack Obama speaks about Libya, Monday, Aug. 22, 2011, in Chilmark, Mass., on Martha's Vineyard, Mass. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

President Barack Obama speaks about Libya, Monday, Aug. 22, 2011, in Chilmark, Mass., on Martha's Vineyard, Mass. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

Chart shows results of opinion polls on Obama and the economy

(AP) ? Americans' views on the economy have dimmed this summer. But so far, the growing pessimism doesn't seem to be taking a toll on President Barack Obama's re-election prospects.

More people now believe the U.S. is headed in the wrong direction, a new Associated Press-GfK poll shows, and confidence in Obama's handling of the economy has slipped from just a few months ago, notably among fellow Democrats.

The survey found that 86 percent of adults see the economy as "poor," up from 80 percent in June. About half ? 49 percent ? said it worsened just in the past month. Only 27 percent responded that way in the June survey.

That can't be good news for a president revving up his re-election campaign. Yet there are several hopeful signs for Obama.

Despite the perception of a weakening recovery, there has been no significant change in the number of people who say he deserves re-election: 47 percent as opposed to 48 percent two months ago. That's a statistical dead heat with those who favor a change in the White House.

And more Americans still blame former President George W. Bush rather than Obama for the economic distress. Some 31 percent put the bulk of the blame on Obama, while 51 percent point to his Republican predecessor.

"I think Bush had a hand in it, too. Obama's not totally responsible," said Mary Parish, 68, of Troy, Tenn. An independent who voted for Republican John McCain in 2008, she said she doesn't believe Obama has what it takes to heal the economy. "He's a smooth-talking man. But he does not know what he's doing."

Obama also fares better than Congress in the blame department. Some 44 percent put "a lot" or "most" of the blame on Republicans while 36 percent point to congressional Democrats.

The gloomy economic outlook reflected in the poll, which was taken Aug. 18-22, follows a round of bleak government economic reports ? on unemployment, the housing market and economic growth that fell below 1 percent for the first six months of the year. It was taken amid heightened worries of a new U.S. recession, fallout from a downgrade of the country's credit rating and a spreading European debt crisis.

As the public's outlook on the economy dips, so has approval for the president's economic stewardship.

More than 6 in 10 ? 63 percent ? disapprove of Obama's handling of the economy. Nearly half, or 48 percent, "strongly" disapproved. Approval of his economic performance now stands at just 36 percent, his worst approval rating on the issue in AP-GfK polling.

Among Democrats, 58 percent approve of the president's handling of the economy, down from 65 percent in June. Among Republicans, approval dipped to 9 percent from 15 percent.

Just 51 percent consider Obama a strong leader, down from 60 percent in June and 65 percent following the capture and death of Osama bin Laden in May. In June, 85 percent of Democrats in the poll called him a strong leader. Now, the number is down to 76 percent.

Of course, there are limits to what a president can do.

"I think he can nudge it along, but really, it boils down to the private sector," said Dan Elliott, 42, of Hillsboro, Ill., an independent who voted for Obama in 2008 and says he'll probably vote for him again.

Judith Lee, 63, a retired teacher from Great Diamond Island, Maine, said she's a Republican who voted for Obama in 2008 but has been disappointed by his leadership style.

"I don't think he is a very forceful leader," Lee said. "His style of leadership seems to be to look for consensus and ideas from other people, and it seems to have been ineffective. And Congress seems to be deadlocked on problems."

Some 75 percent in the poll said the U.S. is heading in the wrong direction, up from 63 percent in June. Among Democrats, 61 percent chose "wrong direction" ? up from 46 percent in June.

In a new high, 52 percent of all adults said they disapprove of his overall performance ? 52 percent, up from 47 percent in June. Among Democrats, approval fell 8 points, to 74 percent from 82 percent in June. Among Republicans, it fell to 11 percent from 22 percent.

Politically, the poll underscores the difficult time ahead for Obama as he seeks re-election in a shaky economy.

Unemployment increased to 9.2 percent in July, up from 9.1 percent in June. And most economists don't expect it to decline much below 8.5 percent by the November 2012 presidential election. No president has won re-election with a jobless rate that high since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936.

So why hasn't the rise in pessimism taken more of a toll?

Despite the general rise in gloom, it seems unlikely that liberal Democrats will flock away from Obama even if they have rising doubts about his agenda or economic leadership, analysts suggest. And independents, who helped elect Obama in 2008 and are now being actively wooed by both parties, did not exhibit significant changes in their approval levels.

It was at 44 percent, statistically no different from the 43 percent approval rating among independents in June.

"A lot is out of his hands," said Penny Johansen, 65, a retired legal secretary from Tempe, Ariz. "There is only so much one person can do, and one person cannot be blamed for the acts of others." Politically unaligned, she voted for Obama in 2008 and says she'll probably do so again.

On related economic issues, 59 percent said they disapproved of Obama's handling of tax issues, up from 53 percent in June. And 64 percent said they disapproved of his handling of the annual budget deficit, compared with 63 percent in June.

Sixty percent described the financial situation in their own households as "good," about even with the level in June. Asked if they expected their financial situation to change over the next 12 months, 31 percent said they expected it to get better, 12 percent expected it to get worse and a majority ? 56 percent ? said they expected it to "stay about the same."

As to creating jobs, some 44 percent said they would trust Democrats to do a better job, while 42 percent said Republicans would.

The AP-GfK poll was conducted Aug. 18-22 by GfK Roper Public Affairs and Corporate Communications. It involved landline and cellphone interviews with 1,000 adults nationwide and has a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 4.1 percentage points.

___

Deputy Polling Director Jennifer Agiesta, News Survey Specialist Dennis Junius and Associated Press writers Kasie Hunt and Stacy Anderson contributed to this report.

___

Online:

Poll results: http://www.ap-gfkpoll.com

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2011-08-25-AP%20Poll-Economy/id-6eb2d6336b2645bfa91faa6d8495485a

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Friday, August 26, 2011

6 signs Rick Perry is the true GOP frontrunner (The Week)

New York ? After less than two weeks on the campaign trail, the conservative Texas governor looks like the Republican to beat ? but will the buzz last?

"Rick Perry is already Republicans' top choice for the presidential nomination," says Rachel Weiner at?The Washington Post. In the three national polls taken since Perry entered the race Aug. 13, Perry has double-digit leads over previous GOP frontrunner Mitt Romney. Of course, it's still very early ? at this point in 2007, former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani was in GOP pole position ? and as former Sen. Judd Gregg (R-N.H.) notes on CNN, Perry "hasn't been exposed to the glare of the klieg lights yet." Can Perry hang onto his GOP frontrunner status? Here, six big factors in his favor:

1. National polls say Perry's the frontrunner
Perry leads Romney by between 11 and 13 percentage points in three national polls, Gallup, PPP, and Rasmussen. Even though national polls' usefulness is questionable (since we elect presidential candidates by state), this is still impressive, says David Weigel at?Slate. Perry's 29 percent support in the Gallup poll is "a bigger chunk of the vote than Romney ever commanded. "A lot of national Republicans have absorbed Perry's entry and see him as both acceptable and a frontrunner,"?says Jonathan Chait in The New Republic.

2. Plus, Perry leads in Iowa
Iowa and New Hampshire are the first two states to choose a presidential nominee. And luckily for Perry, his "national surge does show some signs of transferring into Iowa," says Nate Silver at?The New York Times. The only poll there since he entered the race has him in first place, which is bad news for Romney ? Mitt doesn't need to win Iowa, but if "Perry were to win Iowa convincingly, he could clear the field of other conservative candidates," putting New Hampshire in play. And Romney needs to win New Hampshire. South Carolina and Florida are looking promising for Perry, too.

3. He's winning key endorsements
Perry's got the early backing of Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.), a staunch conservative, especially on environmental issues, says Ed Morrissey at?Hot Air, and Inhofe's influential support "should help Perry gain some traction among conservatives, especially in the Midwest." Perry also got a "big endorsement" in the must-win state of Florida ? state House Speaker Dean Cannon ? and his advisers say he's "secured a slew of endorsements" in South Carolina, where he's making an aggressive push to win.

4. Mitt Romney looks nervous
After Inhofe called Romney "mushy on environmental issues," the former Massachusetts governor "tweaked his position on global warming," says Dan Berman at?Politico, telling a New Hampshire crowd he's not sure whether the Earth is getting warmer, or whether any warming is "mostly caused by humans." As recently as June 3, Romney had suggested the opposite. If Perry's advances "aren't setting off alarm bells in the Romney camp, they certainly ought to be," says Doug Mataconis at?Outside the Beltway. After trying to float above fringe candidates, Romney's now "in a real race with a candidate that is both more conservative, and more experienced as an executive at the government level."

5. Perry's "basically built for this primary, this year"
Betting site Intrade gives Perry a 40 percent chance to win the GOP nomination, versus roughly 30 percent for Romney, and "those are probably reasonable odds," says Sasha Issenberg in The New York Times. Perry is "ideologically in sync with the Republican energies of the moment," and has a job-creating record to run on. "He's basically built for this primary, this year," and the more moderate Romney isn't.

6. The media has anointed Perry the frontrunner
"Aah, how fickle political reporters are," says Toby Harnden at Britain's?Telegraph. After months of endowing Romney with the lucrative, self-reinforcing mantle of frontrunner, "there's a new guy in town and the media, across the spectrum, is hailing Perry." Romney's been running for the nomination since 2006, and Perry started just three months ago, but "already in some quarters the Texan is all but being lauded as the next nominee."

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Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/politicsopinion/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/theweek/20110825/cm_theweek/218528

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Find Your Vedic Moon Sign (rashi).

Horoscope matching is a popular concept in India especially when two people are entering into a long term relationship or getting married. It is believed that matching horoscopes helps you find the similarities, areas of common interest, etc of two people about to tie the knot.

While matching the kundlis or birth charts date like the date of birth, location, and sex of the individual is needed and the result are based on their stars and position of planets. There are many criteria's that are used to match the kundli and see how the future and planetary motion of both individual will affect each other

In Indian Vedic Astrology the rashi (or the sign) and the Nakshatra (or the constellation) in which the moon is placed at the time of birth in the horoscope of the bride and groom to be is considered. The factors considered on the basis of moon rashi are called gunas.

The higher the match between the gunas (positive points) the better the match is considered. There are a total of 8 gunas and each one of them carries between 1-8 points. The total of these gunas is 36 points any couple who get more than 18 points is considered a good match.

The 8 criteria for Ashta Koot or Guna matching are as follows

1. Varna spiritual or ego development: A total of 1 point is allotted this Guna. According to this people are divided in to 4 categories. These are

Brahmin these are mooted the philosophers.
Warrior these are regarded the leaders and the sawyers of the society.
Vishay these are regarded as the business division people who perform the economical functions.
Shudra these are regarded to be the labors.

It is best if the both the partners belong to the same varna. However a girl of lower varna may marry a boy of higher varna but not vice versa.

2. Vashya - Attraction and magnetic control: Two points are allotted to this factor. According to this people are divided in to the following categories.
Nara Rashi
Chatuspada Rashi
Jala rashi

Literally Vashya means Control It suggests the degree of attractive control and amenability the wife or husband would be able to work out on the other.It is indicative of Influence of one on his/er counterpart and showing taking lead role carrying on marital relation. It would be best if both their Moon signs are gracious to each other.

3. Grahamaitri - Natural friendship, Affection and Mental qualities. This factor has been allotted 5 points. This is supposed to deal with the psychological dispositions, mental qualities and their affection for each other. This exam is for computing the friendly relationship between the planets of the son and the daughter horoscopes.

4. Rashi kuta or Bhukta contributes 7 points out of thirty-six points in Horoscope Matching. It evaluated if the couple in consideration will achieve physical condition, accord, contentment, prolonged existence and prosperity, in order to live a happy life together. It is determined by comparing the arrangement of one's Moon Sign from the other's Moon Sign. If the combination is not harmonious, the couple may be dishonest and deceitful towards each other.

5. Dina Kuta or Tara Bala: In this the couple health and family happiness is indicated. The couples well being, love & affection, health and longevity are also seen. In this, boys birth star is counted from girls birth star and thus obtained figure is divided by 9. If remainder is even number then it is understood auspicious compatibility. Likewise, girls birth star And, this parameter will grant 3 points.

6. Yoni: It implies physical bodily contact compatibility. It contributes 4 points out of the total 36. Yoni plays a key role in laying down the groundwork for marital happiness. It is conducive for emotional compatibility. This parameter is important in view of mutual love & attraction, sexual behavior & inclination. This compatibility is assessed on the basis of Nakshatras

7. Gana Kuta: This is allotted 6 points and the parameter shows behaviour aspects, Temperament, compatibility and character of the partners. On the basis of the Moon Nakshatra, the person is categorized in three Ganas. These are:
Dev (Divine)
Manushya (Human)
Rakshasha (Diabolical)

It is said if there is disparity in Gana, there will be quarrels and dissonance in relationships over financial management, inheritance and alimony settlements

8. Nadi Kuta: This is allotted the maximum points of 8 and is also the most important parameter. This aspect signifies the pulse or the energy indicating the psychological and hereditary factor. It is believed that the pair having the same Nadi will have to endure hardship due to their child. The Nadi inconsistency between two people is also called Nadi Dosha and generally regarded as a firm reason for denial of a marriage.

There are three different Nadis. These are:
Adi (start)
Madhya (middle)
Antya (end)
These three represent Prakriti (nature) of an individual that is his/her body constitution. As per Ayurveda there are three different Prakritis. These are:
Kaph
Vaat
Pita

All these gunas add u together for 36 points. However we should keeping mind that while guna milap is an important and integral part of matchmaking, but it is not the only thing that should be considered. Longevity, kuja doshas, Ascendants, overlapping Vimshottari Dashas are some additional considerations that should be looked at indastro.com

Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Find-Your-Vedic-Moon-Sign--rashi--/2886368

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Effective Small Business Marketing Tips That Can Increase Sales

Effective Small Business Marketing Tips That Can Increase Sales

August 25th, 2011 by admin

Giving away small business marketing tips to your clients shows them what they need to do to present their businesses in the best light possible. Small business marketing tips alert them to your expertise and ability to help in implementing these marketing tips to their full potential.

Small business marketing tips are little bits of knowledge. They should whet the appetite of your client and have them begging for more. The way they can get more, is to contact you and get the full package of your knowledge.

When you give away these bits of information, you may feel as though you are getting nothing in return. Actually, you are banking loyalty, building a professional reputation and becoming relevant to those who are receiving your information. You are definitely getting a return on your efforts.

Posted in investment weekly news | Comments Off

Source: http://www.epwic.com/investment-weekly-news/effective-small-business-marketing-tips-that-can-increase-sales/

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Thursday, August 25, 2011

Relationship Conflict ~ Help Your Relationship ? It's Not Hopeless ...

Relationship Conflict ~ Help Your Relationship ? It?s Not Hopeless. Only you can change it. | Nevada Divorce Attorney News

IMPORTANT MESSAGE:

If you're facing an impending divorce, you don't want to take the situation lightly. Finding an experienced attorney is imperative.

Your attorney will advise you on all the factors involved in mounting an effective divorce proceeding, informing you of all your available alternatives.

S/he will thoroughly investigate your case to uncover any evidence and build the best case possible to help you protect your rights.

If a divorce is in your future, fill out the form & talk to a local legal expert today!

About Us


Divorce-Attorney-News.com is a free resource to help you find a trusted divorce attorney in your area.

Having a trusted professional on your side could, at the very least, help you avoid common mistakes.

If you facing an upcoming divorce please fill out the form for a case evaluation today!

Thank you for visitng Divorce-Attorney-News.com!

by nevada on Thursday, August 25th, 2011 | No Comments

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Source: http://www.divorce-attorney-news.com/nevada/uncontested-divorce/relationship-conflict-help-your-relationship-its-not-hopeless-only-you-can-change-it/

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Traveling?Heres a Miami travel agency to help plan your trip ...

House of Travel ? Miami Travel Agency

Visiting a city or state for the first time is exciting. However, before your planned vacation, there are lots of things that must be settled first like where you?re going to stay, flight schedules and itineraries. Miami, for example, is a favorite place to visit to because of all the picturesque beaches and other travel spots anyone can visit. And when it comes to these things, there?s only one Miami travel agency who can help you travel in style and peacefully ? House of Travel.

__________________________________________________________________________

As a travel management company in Miami, House of Travel has been providing excellent customer service and satisfaction. Whether the purpose of your travel is business or leisure, House of Travel can provide you the best possible options and pricing for all your travel needs. From online bookings of your mode of transportations to your board and lodging, you will never go wrong with this travel agent in Miami. So what specific travel resources can House of Travel help you with? Here?s a sampler:

Travel Resources:

Business Resources:

Leisure Resources:

__________________________________________________________________________

Business Resources: Combining Work and Play

As one of the premier travel agencies in Miami, House of Travel also specializes in providing a complete resource for corporate and business travels. This means that House of Travel provides business travelers everything they need so they can rest and recuperate while fulfilling their tasks at work. Having partnered with BCD Travel Affiliates, the world?s 4th largest travel agency, House of Travel can competitively price your corporate airfare, hotel stays, as well as your car rentals!

__________________________________________________________________________

Leisure Resources: Traveling in Style

House of Travel not only specializes in corporate and business travels, but also for those who are looking for adventures on cruise lines, tours around the world or just weekend getaways. By letting House of Travels help you plan your trip, you can be guaranteed to enjoy your vacation, wherever you may plan to go. Are you planning to travel around Miami? House of Travel can provide you hot deals with the best offers and promotions that can help you save more as you travel in style! Whether you?re traveling alone or with your friends or loved ones, you can be sure to avail discounts and/or competitive prices in all your travel expenses!

__________________________________________________________________________

Traveling out of Miami? House of Travel can STILL help you with that!

Despite being the top travel management company in Florida, House of Travel offer services not just for those who are visiting Miami, but around the world as well! Are you planning to take a trip in New York? House of Travel can give you the hottest deals when it comes to hotel accommodations in New York! Whether it?s in Shoreham Hotel, The Mansfield, or the City Club, name it, they can probably help you out!

__________________________________________________________________________

Info on Miami ? The Verdict

It is no surprised that Info on Miami liked this travel agency in Miami, FL. Not only because they can give the hottest deals on every travel resources you need, they also help you to enjoy your travel? whether it?s for business or leisure.

For more information, simply contact them or use the information below to send them a message or drop by their office.

Source: http://infoonmiami.com/miami-travel-agency/

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Composting With Worms at Home - The Home of Garden Creations

Composting with wormscan be done anywhere, even at home. These soil creatures can certainly help convert your kitchen scraps and garden wastes into a hefty supply of organic resource. Imagine how much you can save the earth just by reducing your household garbage with the assistance of only Red wiggler worms or European nightcrawlers.

Organic scraps that can be converted into worm compost

Whether you choose to do some worm composting indoors or outdoors, the variety of organic materials that you can feed composting worms are plenty. You can feed these worms anything but the following: meat, poultry, seafood, and dairy. Also avoid feeding compost worms substances that will give them health complications such as citrusy products, and other salty, spicy, and oily matter. What they can eat though are fruits and vegetable peels, crushed eggshells, used coffee grounds and coffee filters, tea bags, presoaked newspaper or cardboard shreds, grass clippings, coconut coir, and dead plants.

Setting-up your worm bin with the essentials

For starters, you can use an opaque-colored plastic container, like a Rubbermaid bin for example. Make sure that you choose to use a container that can hold or store more or less 1000 red worms. You should start with this number, as you can always decide on having the worms transferred to a different composter as soon as the population grows.

Drilled holes around the worm bin are important

Your worm composter will need to be drilled with several evenly spaced holes around it, as these holes will serve two specific purposes: as ventilation holes and as drainage holes. The ventilation holes are basically punctured near the top surface. The drainage holes on the other hand are drilled by the bin's base. Also make sure that a collector tray or container is placed underneath the bin, so that the excess water from the bin will carefully seep out into the tray (helps keep unnecessary spillage). You can also put the bin on top of four blocks to keep it elevated from the ground.

Worm bedding materials

Ensure that the scraps that you'll be using on the composting worms bed are all organic since worms eat off of these as well. Other than the worm food, the bedding can be composed of presoaked strips of newspaper or cardboard, some loose soil, and some dry or dead leaves. You can also add in some presoaked peat moss if you have some around at home. Now, worm beddings should also be left moist, since worms require this specific environment. Without the required consistency, the worms can either develop skin irritations from dry bedding. Now, don't over do the watering though as too much moisture inside the bin can also cause the worms to drown, and can also lead to compost spoilage.

Source: http://hydro2grow.co.uk/gardening-articles/1201-composting-with-worms-at-home

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Wednesday, August 24, 2011

Nickel nanoparticles may contribute to lung cancer

Nickel nanoparticles may contribute to lung cancer [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 23-Aug-2011
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: David Orenstein
david_orenstein@brown.edu
401-863-1862
Brown University

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] All the excitement about nanotechnology comes down to this: Structures of materials at the scale of billionths of a meter take on unusual properties. Technologists often focus on the happier among these newfound capabilities, but new research by an interdisciplinary team of scientists at Brown University finds that nanoparticles of nickel activate a cellular pathway that contributes to cancer in human lung cells.

"Nanotechnology has tremendous potential and promise for many applications," said Agnes Kane, chair of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine in The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. "But the lesson is that we have to learn to be able to design them more intelligently and, if we recognize the potential hazards, to take adequate precautions."

Kane is the senior author of the study published in advance online this month in the journal Toxicological Sciences.

Nickel nanoparticles had already been shown to be harmful, but not in terms of cancer. Kane and her team of pathologists, engineers and chemists found evidence that ions on the surface of the particles are released inside human epithelial lung cells to jumpstart a pathway called HIF-1 alpha. Normally the pathway helps trigger genes that support a cell in times of low oxygen supply, a problem called hypoxia, but it is also known to encourage tumor cell growth.

"Nickel exploits this pathway, in that it tricks the cell into thinking there's hypoxia but it's really a nickel ion that activates this pathway," said Kane, whose work is supported by a National Institues of Health Superfund Research Program Grant. "By activating this pathway it may give premalignant tumor cells a head start."

Size matters

The research team, led by postdoctoral research associate and first author Jodie Pietruska, exposed human lung cells to nanoscale particles of metallic nickel and nickel oxide, and larger microscale particles of metallic nickel. A key finding is that while the smaller particles set off the HIF-1 alpha pathway, the larger metallic nickel particles proved much less problematic.

In other words, getting down to the nanoscale made the metallic nickel particles more harmful and potentially cancer-causing. Kane said the reason might be that for the same amount of metal by mass, nanoscale particles expose much more surface area and that makes them much more chemically reactive than microscale particles.

Another important result from the work is data showing a big difference in how nickel nanoparticles and nickel oxide nanoparticles react with cells, Pietruska said. The nickel oxide particles are so lethal that the cells exposed to them died quickly, leaving no opportunity for cancer to develop. Metallic nickel particles, on the other hand, were less likely to kill the cells. That could allow the hypoxia pathway to lead to the cell becoming cancerous.

"What is concerning is the metallic nickel nanoparticles caused sustained activation but they were less cytotoxic," Pietruska said. "Obviously a dead cell can't be transformed."

Although Kane said the findings should raise clear concerns about handling nickel nanoparticles, for instance to prevent airborne exposure to them in manufacturing, they are not all that's needed to cause cancer. Cancer typically depends on a number of unfortunate changes, Kane said. Also, she said, the study looked at the short-term effects of nickel nanoparticle exposure in cells in a lab, rather than over the long term in a whole organism.

Still, in her lab Kane employs significant safeguards to keep researchers safe.

"We handle all these materials under biosafety level 2 containment conditions," she said. "I don't want anyone exposed. We're handling them as though they were an airborne carcinogen."

###

In addition to Kane and Pietruska, other authors on the paper are Ashley Smith, Kevin McNeil, and Anatoly Zhitkovich, a toxicologist; chemist Xinyuan Liu; and engineer Robert Hurt. Kane, Hurt, and Zhitkovich are associated with Brown's Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Nickel nanoparticles may contribute to lung cancer [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 23-Aug-2011
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: David Orenstein
david_orenstein@brown.edu
401-863-1862
Brown University

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] All the excitement about nanotechnology comes down to this: Structures of materials at the scale of billionths of a meter take on unusual properties. Technologists often focus on the happier among these newfound capabilities, but new research by an interdisciplinary team of scientists at Brown University finds that nanoparticles of nickel activate a cellular pathway that contributes to cancer in human lung cells.

"Nanotechnology has tremendous potential and promise for many applications," said Agnes Kane, chair of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine in The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. "But the lesson is that we have to learn to be able to design them more intelligently and, if we recognize the potential hazards, to take adequate precautions."

Kane is the senior author of the study published in advance online this month in the journal Toxicological Sciences.

Nickel nanoparticles had already been shown to be harmful, but not in terms of cancer. Kane and her team of pathologists, engineers and chemists found evidence that ions on the surface of the particles are released inside human epithelial lung cells to jumpstart a pathway called HIF-1 alpha. Normally the pathway helps trigger genes that support a cell in times of low oxygen supply, a problem called hypoxia, but it is also known to encourage tumor cell growth.

"Nickel exploits this pathway, in that it tricks the cell into thinking there's hypoxia but it's really a nickel ion that activates this pathway," said Kane, whose work is supported by a National Institues of Health Superfund Research Program Grant. "By activating this pathway it may give premalignant tumor cells a head start."

Size matters

The research team, led by postdoctoral research associate and first author Jodie Pietruska, exposed human lung cells to nanoscale particles of metallic nickel and nickel oxide, and larger microscale particles of metallic nickel. A key finding is that while the smaller particles set off the HIF-1 alpha pathway, the larger metallic nickel particles proved much less problematic.

In other words, getting down to the nanoscale made the metallic nickel particles more harmful and potentially cancer-causing. Kane said the reason might be that for the same amount of metal by mass, nanoscale particles expose much more surface area and that makes them much more chemically reactive than microscale particles.

Another important result from the work is data showing a big difference in how nickel nanoparticles and nickel oxide nanoparticles react with cells, Pietruska said. The nickel oxide particles are so lethal that the cells exposed to them died quickly, leaving no opportunity for cancer to develop. Metallic nickel particles, on the other hand, were less likely to kill the cells. That could allow the hypoxia pathway to lead to the cell becoming cancerous.

"What is concerning is the metallic nickel nanoparticles caused sustained activation but they were less cytotoxic," Pietruska said. "Obviously a dead cell can't be transformed."

Although Kane said the findings should raise clear concerns about handling nickel nanoparticles, for instance to prevent airborne exposure to them in manufacturing, they are not all that's needed to cause cancer. Cancer typically depends on a number of unfortunate changes, Kane said. Also, she said, the study looked at the short-term effects of nickel nanoparticle exposure in cells in a lab, rather than over the long term in a whole organism.

Still, in her lab Kane employs significant safeguards to keep researchers safe.

"We handle all these materials under biosafety level 2 containment conditions," she said. "I don't want anyone exposed. We're handling them as though they were an airborne carcinogen."

###

In addition to Kane and Pietruska, other authors on the paper are Ashley Smith, Kevin McNeil, and Anatoly Zhitkovich, a toxicologist; chemist Xinyuan Liu; and engineer Robert Hurt. Kane, Hurt, and Zhitkovich are associated with Brown's Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-08/bu-nnm082311.php

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